"Five major pipelines" refers toFive basic water, electricity, and mechanical/electrical systems must be reviewed and implemented during the period from the commencement of construction to obtaining an occupancy permit.Understanding the following application process and key concepts will help you keep track of the construction project's progress:

I. What are the five major pipelines? Basic definitions and classifications

In Taiwan's construction projects,What are the five major pipelines (current construction methods use seven major pipelines)?This is fundamental knowledge that every owner, engineer, and contractor must understand. Based on building codes and practical experience,What are the five major pipelines?It can be defined from two main perspectives:

What are the five major pipelines? Which ones require review?

Electrical (Power): Includes both external and internal power distribution lines of Taiwan Power Company. (O requires a license)
telecommunications: This includes telephone and internet cabling from Chunghwa Telecom (or other operators). (Currently under the jurisdiction of low-voltage electrical engineering contractors (license required).)
Water supply: Water supply from the water company and indoor piping. (O requires a license)
drain: Rainwater and wastewater discharge pipes. (O requires a license plate)
Firefighting:Fire hydrants, fire alarms, sprinkler and smoke extraction systems. (O requires a license)
air conditioner:Air conditioning equipment water supply and drainage, and air conditioning piping. (No license required for X)
gas:Gas equipment requires pipelines. (O requires a license)

II. Application Process and Timing

Procedures and requirements for obtaining a mechanical and electrical license

I. Five Major Pipelines
1. Taipower: Mounting → Safety Inspection → Design → Fee Verification → Payment → Obtaining Road Permit → External Line Construction (before construction work on damaged roads).
2. Water Supply: Application → Design → Billing → Payment → Obtaining Road Permit → External Line Construction. (If the first phase of water supply has been completed on the first floor, only proof of payment and a commitment letter are required for this stage.)
3. Telecommunications: Mounting → Security Inspection → Design → Obtaining Road Permit → External Line Construction (before construction work on damaged roads).
4. Gas: Application → Design → Billing → Approval → Payment → Road Permit Request → External Line Construction. (Before Construction Due to Building Damage) (For cases where a gas application is not required, a written commitment is sufficient).
5. Sewerage: Drawings → Application → Design → Road Permit Application → External Construction. (Located in areas where dedicated sewerage is completed) (For cases without pipework, a road excavation exemption certificate from the Sanitation Department will be issued) (Road excavation exemption certificate can only be processed after the roof slab inspection is completed).

After the building permit is issued: After obtaining a construction permit, the five major pipelines typically submit a design application to the relevant competent authority (such as Taiwan Power Company or Taiwan Water Corporation).
Construction phase: External line construction and pipeline laying can only proceed after the drawings have been reviewed by the relevant pipeline companies, fees have been paid, and road permits have been obtained.
When applying for a license: Upon completion, the contractor and supervisor must submit a completion inspection report, along with documentation confirming the fire safety equipment's compliance. Only after the construction management unit conducts a joint inspection and confirms everything is in order will an official "Occupancy Permit" be issued.1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

For further information on detailed drawing review procedures or inspection regulations, please visit [website address].Taiwan Construction Research InstituteorMinistry of the Interior's Regulations Sharing SystemPlease consult the latest Building Code and regulations.1]

From the perspective of introducing public external pipelines

What are the five major pipelines?Includes the following systems:

Electrical wiring – Power supply system managed by Taiwan Power Company
Telecommunications pipeline – Communication systems managed by the NCC Communications Committee and the Taiwan Telecommunications Engineering Industry Association, etc.
Water supply pipeline – Water supply system managed by Taiwan Water Corporation
sewage pipeline Municipal wastewater treatment system
gas pipeline – Natural gas or liquefied petroleum gas supply system
Air conditioning ductwork - the system used by air conditioning equipment
Fire protection piping - systems used for fire protection equipment

From the perspective of general interior building construction

In interior building constructionWhat are the five major pipelines?This includes:

Electrical wiring – Building internal power distribution system
Telecommunications pipeline – Building internal communication wiring system
water supply pipeline – Water supply piping inside the building
Drainage pipes – Building internal drainage system
Fire protection pipelines – Building fire safety equipment pipelines
Air conditioning piping – Building air conditioning equipment piping
Gas pipelines - building internal gas systems

This is the complete answer.What are the five major pipelines (now seven)?Both of these classification methods are important because they involve different competent authorities and application procedures.

II. Differences between public external pipelines and indoor pipelines

Classification perspective	Pipeline system	competent authority	Scope of responsibility	Technical Specifications
Public external pipelines	Electrical wiring	Taiwan Power Company	From distribution panel to electricity meter	High-voltage power distribution standards
	Telecommunications pipeline	Chunghwa Telecom	Main line to customer service point	Fiber optic/copper wire standards
	Water supply pipeline	Water company	Supervisor to water meter	Water supply pressure standard
	sewage pipeline	City Hall	Building to supervisor	Wastewater treatment standards
	gas pipeline	Gas Company	Supervisor to gas meter	Gas safety standards
	Fire protection pipelines	Municipal Fire Department	Supervisor to fire equipment	Fire protection standards
Indoor piping	Electrical wiring	Building owners	All wiring after the meter	Indoor wiring rules
	Telecommunications pipeline	Building owners	Wiring after the service point	Low-voltage system standards
	water supply pipeline	Building owners	All piping after the water meter	Water supply equipment standards
	Drainage pipes	Building owners	Building drainage	Drainage Equipment Standards
	Fire protection pipelines	Building owners	Fire equipment piping	Fire equipment standards
	gas pipeline	Building owners	Gas equipment piping	Gas safety standards

understandWhat are the five major pipelines?Different classifications help clarify the responsibilities and management methods of each system. Public external pipelines are maintained by the respective professional agencies, while indoor pipelines are managed by the building owner.

III. Detailed introduction of each of the five major pipeline systems

3.1 Electrical wiring system

In discussionWhat are the five major pipelines?At that time, electrical wiring was one of the most basic systems. Taiwan's electrical system uses a dual voltage system of 110V/220V with a frequency of 60Hz.

Technical specifications and features:

Residential electricity: 110V single-phase power supply
Commercial and industrial electricity: 220V three-phase power supply
Piping materials: EMT steel pipe, PVC pipe
Safety protection: residual current circuit breaker, grounding system

3.2 Telecommunications cabling system

What are the five major pipelines?Among these, telecommunications infrastructure has become even more important with the advent of the 5G era. This mainly includes telephone lines, internet lines, and cable TV lines.

System components:

Fiber optic backbone: supports high-speed network transmission
Copper twisted pair: Traditional telephone lines
Coaxial cable: cable television signal
Low-voltage wiring: a conduit system for protecting electrical circuits.

3.3 Water supply/tap water pipeline system

Water supply system isWhat are the five major pipelines?The system most directly related to people's livelihoods is responsible for providing clean and safe drinking water.

Pipe materials and specifications:

Main components: Ductile iron pipes, stainless steel pipes
Piping types: PVC pipe, PE pipe
Indoor piping: copper pipes, stainless steel pipes
Water pressure standard: 1.5-3.5 kg/cm²

3.4 Drainage/Sewage Piping System

Drainage systemWhat are the five major pipelines?The central government is responsible for treating domestic sewage and rainwater to ensure environmental sanitation.

System Classification:

Wastewater system: treats domestic wastewater
Rainwater system: collects and treats rainwater
Combined sewer system: sewage and rainwater share the same pipeline
Septic tank: a preliminary sewage treatment facility

3.5 Gas/Fire Protection Piping System

at last,What are the five major pipelines?Both the gas pipelines (public external pipeline angles) and fire protection pipelines (indoor pipeline angles) included are closely related to safety. Currently, these two categories are reviewed separately.

Gas pipeline features:

Natural gas: Urban gas fuel
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG): The main choice in rural areas
Safety equipment: emergency shut-off valve, leak alarm
Regular inspections: Ensure safe use

Fire protection pipeline functions:

Automatic sprinkler system: automatically activates in case of fire.
Fire hydrant system: manual fire extinguishing equipment
Smoke extraction system: removes dense smoke during a fire.
Alarm System: Fire Detection and Notification

IV. Application Process and Documents for the Five Major Pipelines

learnWhat are the five major pipelines?After that, the most important thing is to understand the application process. According to building regulations, the following documents must be prepared when applying for approval to start construction on the five major pipelines:

Required application documents

Building permit – Basic proof of a legal building
Site location map of the base – Detailed labeling of each pipeline connection point
Application for joint road excavation for permanent residential water, electricity, telecommunications, gas, and sewage pipelines for new users – Unified application for all systems
Scheduled pipeline construction schedule – Coordinate the construction schedules of various trades

Application process steps

step	Homework content	Responsible unit	Time required	Precautions
1	Prepare application documents	Building owners	1-2 weeks	Ensure document integrity
2	Submit a joint application	Building owners	3-5 days	Submit all system applications at once
3	Surveying and inspecting pipeline authorities	Pipeline companies	2-4 weeks	Coordinate the time for the site visit
4	Payment completed and verification	Building owners	1 week	According to each company's fee schedule
5	Issuance of road excavation permit	Road authorities	1-2 weeks	Construction can only begin after the acquisition is obtained.

masterWhat are the five major pipelines?The application process helps shorten project timelines and avoid regulatory issues.

V. Coordination and Site Visit Procedures by the Competent Authority

In applicationWhat are the five major pipelines?During the system inspection, surveying the pipeline management authorities is a crucial step. The main surveying authorities include:

Supervisory authorities of each system

Water company – Responsible for the site survey of the water supply system
Taiwan Power Company – Responsible for electrical system site survey
Chunghwa Telecom – Responsible for the site survey of the telecommunications system
Gas Company – Responsible for gas system survey
Relevant municipal government departments – Responsible for site survey of sewage/drainage systems

Key points of the site visit

Pipeline system	Reviewing unit	Key points of the site visit	Technical Requirements	Safety considerations
Electrical wiring	Taipower	Location and capacity requirements of power distribution equipment	Compliant with indoor wiring regulations	Leakage protection, grounding safety
Telecommunications pipeline	NCC appointed unit	Computer room location and cable routing	Compliant with telecommunications equipment specifications	Electromagnetic interference protection
water supply pipeline	Water company	Water consumption calculation and pipe diameter selection	Meets water supply equipment standards	Water quality protection and backflow prevention
Drainage pipes	Municipal Water Resources Bureau	Drainage slope, confluence direction	Meets drainage equipment standards	Preventing blockages and controlling odors
Gas/fire pipelines	Municipal Fire Department	Safe distance, emergency equipment	Meets fire protection equipment standards	Explosion-proof design and escape planning
Air conditioning pipes	Owners' autonomy	Building interior cooling, setup	Meets air conditioning equipment standards	Exhaust and drainage planning

Through a comprehensive site visit procedure, ensureWhat are the five major pipelines?The systems all meet safety standards and usage requirements.